Research Publications

A Novel, Paresthesia-Free Spinal Cord Stimulation Waveform for Chronic Neuropathic Low Back Pain: Six-Month Results of a Prospective, Single-Arm, Dose-Response Study

Russo MA, Volschenk W, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, Holliday E, Barker D, Dizon J, Graham B.

Neuromodulation. 2023; Jul 21.

Long-term safety of spinal cord stimulation systems in a prospective, global registry of patients with chronic pain

Rauck RL, Loudermilk E, Thomson SJ, Paz-Solis JF, Bojrab L, Noles J, Vesper J, Atallah J, Roth D, Hegarty J, Prud’Homme M, Phillips GM, Smith SG, Ibrahim M, Willoughby CD, Obray JB, Gupta M, Paez J, Berg AP, Harrison NJ, Maino P, Mambalam P, McCarty M, Towlerton G, Love-Jones S, Ahmed S, Lee A, Shah B, Goor-Aryeh I, Russo MA, Varela N, Phelps JB, Cid J, Fernandez T, Pérez-Hernández C, Keehn D, Rosenow JM, Haider N, Parrent AG, Lawrence MM, Georgius P, Demartini L, Mendiola A, Mehta V, Thoma R, Israel AF, Carolis G, Bhatia S, Green M, Villarreal A, Crooks MT, Gwinn RP, Pilitsis JG, Sato H, Vega SM, Hillegass MG, Carnes P, Scherer C, Brill S, Yu J, Brennan JJ, Gatzinsky K, Navani A, Snook LT Jr, Bujedo BM, Andrés Ares J, Murillo A, Trobridge AT, Assil K, Shah J, McLeod C, Buwembo J, Coster O, Miller N, Sanapati M, Mikhael M, Przkora R, Sukenaga N, Raso LJ, Calodney AK, Cáceres Jerez LE, Uchiyama T, Kallewaard JW, Chandler B, Piedimonte F, Candido KD, Weaver TE, Agari T, Holthouse D, Woon R, Patel N, Lechleiter K, Jain R.

Pain Management. 2023; Jan 24.

Ambroxol for neuropathic pain: hiding in plain sight?

Russo MA, Baron R, Dickenson A, Kern K-U, Santarelli D.

PAIN. 2023; 164(1):3-13.

Long-Term Outcomes of Restorative Neurostimulation in Patients With Refractory Chronic Low Back Pain Secondary to Multifidus Dysfunction: Two-Year Results of the ReActiv8-B Pivotal Trial

Gilligan C, Volschenk W, Russo M, Green M, Gilmore C, Mehta V, Deckers K, De Smedt K, Latif U, Georgius P, Gentile J, Mitchell B, Langhorst M, Huygen F, Baranidharan G, Patel V, Mironer E, Ross E, Carayannopoulos A, Hayek S, Gulve A, Van Buyten JP, Tohmeh A, Fischgrund J, Lad S, Ahadian F, Deer T, Klemme W, Rauck R, Rathmell J, Maislin G, Heemels JP, Eldabe S.

Neuromodulation. 2023; 26(1): 87-97.

Three-Year Durability of Restorative Neurostimulation Effectiveness in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain and Multifidus Muscle Dysfunction

Gilligan C, Volschenk W, Russo M, Green M, Gilmore C, Mehta V, Deckers K, De Smedt K, Latif U, Sayed D, Georgius P, Gentile J, Mitchell B, Langhorst M, Huygen F, Baranidharan G, Patel V, Mironer E, Ross E, Carayannopoulos A, Hayek S, Gulve A, Van Buyten JP, Tohmeh A, Fischgrund J, Lad S, Ahadian F, Deer T, Klemme W, Rauck R, Rathmell J, Schwab F, Maislin G, Heemels JP, Eldabe S.

Neuromodulation. 2023; 26(1): 98-108.

Holistic Treatment Response: An International Expert Panel Definition and Criteria for a New Paradigm in the Assessment of Clinical Outcomes of Spinal Cord Stimulation

Levy RM, Mekhail N, Abd-Elsayed A, Abejón D, Anitescu M, Deer TR, Eldabe S, Goudman L, Kallewaard JW, Moens M, Petersen EA, Pilitsis JG, Pope JE, Poree L, Raslan AM, Russo M, Sayed D, Staats PS, Taylor RS, Thomson S, Verrills P, Duarte RV.

Neuromodulation. 2023; Jan 3: S1094-7159(22)01379-4.

Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation for the Management of Chronic Low Back Pain and Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Wong CH, Chan TCW, Wong SSC, Russo M, Cheung CW.

Neuromodulation. 2022; Sep 01.

Association Between Levels of Functional Disability and Health-Related Quality of Life With Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain

Taylor RS, Soliday N, Leitner A, Hunter CW, Staats PS, Li S, Thomson S, Kallewaard JW, Russo M, Duarte RV.

Neuromodulation. 2022; May 26.

The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC): Recommendations for Surgical Technique for Spinal Cord Stimulation

Deer TR, Russo MA, Grider JS, Pope J, Rigoard P, Hagedorn JM, Naidu R, Patterson DG, Wilson D, Lubenow TR, Buvanendran A, Sheth SJ, Abdallah R, Knezevic NN, Schu S, Nijhuis H, Mehta P, Vallejo R, Shah JM, Harned ME, Jassal N, Gonzalez JM, Pittelkow TP, Patel S, Bojanic S, Chapman K, Strand N, Green AL, Pahapill P, Dario A, Piedimonte F, Levy RM.

Neuromodulation. 2022; 25(1): 1-34.

The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC): Recommendations on Best Practices for Cervical Neurostimulation

Deer TR, Russo M, Grider JS, Pope J, Hagedorn JM, Weisbein J, Abd-Elsayed A, Benyamin R, Raso LJ, Patel KV, Provenzano D, Kim PS, Amirdelfan K, Bolash R, Steegers M, Sullivan R, Verrills P, Carlson J, Kapural L, Diwan S, Barolat G, Pahapill PA, De Andres J, Raslan AM, Lopez JA, Leong MS, Attias MB, Teddy P, Green AL, Dario A, Piedimonte F, Chapman KB, Tomycz ND, FitzGerald J, Gatzinsky K, Varshney V, Gish B, Lindsey BL, Buvanendran A, Lamer TJ, Slavin KV, Levy RM.

Neuromodulation. 2022; 25(1): 35-52.

A History of the Development of Radiofrequency Neurotomy

Russo M, Santarelli D, Wright R, Gilligan C.

Journal of Pain Research. 2021; 14: 3897—3907.

Neuromodulation using ultra low frequency current waveform reversibly blocks axonal conduction and chronic pain

Jones MG, Rogers ER, Harris JP, Sullivan A, Ackermann DM, Russo M, Lempka SF, McMahon SB.

Science Translational Medicine. 2021; 13(608): eabg9890.

Circulating Interleukin-37 Levels in Healthy Adult Humans – Establishing a Reference Range

Santarelli DM, Vincent FB, Rudloff I, Nold-Petry CA, Nold MF, Russo MA.

Frontiers in Immunology. 2021; 12: 708425.

Durability of the Therapeutic Effect of Restorative Neurostimulation for Refractory Chronic Low Back Pain

Mitchell B, Deckers K, De Smedt K, Russo M, Georgius P, Green M, Gulve A, van Buyten JP, Smet I, Mehta V, Baranidharan G, Rathmell J, Gilligan C, Goss B, Eldabe S.

Neuromodulation. 2021; 24(6): 1024-1032.

T lymphocyte and monocyte subsets are dysregulated in type 1 diabetes patients with peripheral neuropathic pain

O’Brien JA, McGuire HM, Shinko D, Fazekas de St Groth B, Russo MA, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, Wynne K, Austin PJ.

Brain Behavior & Immunity – Health. 2021; 15: 100283.

Practice Trends of Neuromodulation Therapies for Pain and Spasticity in India

Doshi PP, Russo M, Doshi PK.

Neuromodulation. 2021; Apr 26.

Development and Description of a New Multifidus-Sparing Radiofrequency Neurotomy Technique for Facet Joint Pain

Russo M, Santarelli D.

Pain Practice. 2021; 21(7): 747-758.

ECAP‐Controlled Closed‐Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation Efficacy and Opioid Reduction over 24‐Months: Final Results of the Prospective, Multicenter, Open‐Label Avalon Study

Brooker C, Russo M, Cousins MJ, Taylor N, Holford L, Martin R, Boesel T, Sullivan R, Hanson E, Gmel GE, Shariati NH, Poree L, Parker J.

Pain Practice. 2021; 21(6): 680-691.

An implantable restorative-neurostimulator for refractory mechanical chronic low back pain: a randomized sham-controlled clinical trial

Gilligan C, Volschenk W, Russo M, Green M, Gilmore C, Mehta V, Deckers K, De Smedt K, Latif U, Georgius P, Gentile J, Mitchell B, Langhorst M, Huygen F, Baranidharan G, Patel V, Mironer E, Ross E, Carayannopoulos A, Hayek S, Gulve A, Van Buyten JP, Tohmeh A, Fischgrund J, Lad S, Ahadian F, Deer T, Klemme W, Rauck R, Rathmell J, Levy R, Heemels J P, Eldabe S.

Pain. 2021; 162(10): 2486-2498.

Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome: A Proposal for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome and ICD-11

Christelis N, Russo M, Stanton-Hicks M, Barolat G, Thomson S, Schug S, Baron R, Buchser E, Carr DB, Deer TR, Dones I, Eldabe S, Gallagher R, Huygen F, Kloth D, Levy R, North R, Perruchoud C, Petersen E, Rigoard P, Slavin K, Turk D, Wetzel T, Loeser J.

Pain Medicine. 2021; 22(4): 807-818.

Practice Choices in Targeted Intrathecal Drug Delivery: An Online Survey Conducted by the Polyanalgesic Consensus Committee

Deer TR, Abd-Elsayed A, Falowski S, Hagedorn JM, Abejón D, Russo M, Hah JM, Lamer TJ, Carayannopoulos AG, Hunter C, Steegers M, Pope J.

Neuromodulation. 2021; 24(7): 1139-1144.

Kynurenine, Tetrahydrobiopterin, and Cytokine Inflammatory Biomarkers in Individuals Affected by Diabetic Neuropathic Pain

Staats Pires A, Heng B, Tan VX, Latini A, Russo M, Santarelli DM, Bailey D, Wynne K, O’Brien JA, Guillemin GJ, Austin PJ.

Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2020; 14: 890.

A Systematic Literature Review of Spine Neurostimulation Therapies for the Treatment of Pain

Deer TR, Grider JS, Lamer TJ, Pope JE, Falowski S, Hunter CW, Provenzano DA, Slavin KV, Russo M, Carayannopoulos A, Shah JM, Harned ME, Hagedorn JM, Bolash RB, Arle JE, Kapural L, Amirdelfan K, Jain S, Liem L, Carlson JD, Malinowski MN, Bendel M, Yang A, Aiyer R, Valimahomed A, Antony A, Craig J, Fishman MA, Al-Kaisy AA, Christelis N, Rosenquist RW, Levy RM, Mekhail N.

Pain Medicine. 2020; 21(7): 1421-1432.

A Systematic Literature Review of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurostimulation for the Treatment of Pain

Deer TR, Hunter CW, Mehta P, Sayed D, Grider JS, Lamer TJ, Pope JE, Falowski S, Provenzano DA, Esposito MF, Slavin KV, Baranidharan G, Russo M, Jassal NS, Mogilner AY, Kapural L, Verrills P, Amirdelfan K, McRoberts WP, Harned ME, Chapman KB, Liem L, Carlson JD, Yang A, Aiyer R, Antony A, Fishman MA, Al-Kaisy AA, Christelis N, Levy RM, Mekhail N.

Pain Medicine. 2020; 21(8): 1581-1589.

Novel immune biomarkers in complex regional pain syndrome

Russo M, Georgius P, Staats Pires A, Heng B, Allwright M, Guennewig B, Santarelli D, Bailey D, Fiore NT, Xiuwen Tan V, Latini A, Guillemin GJ, Austin PJ.

Journal of Neuroimmunology. 2020; 347: 577330.

10 kHz spinal cord stimulation for chronic upper limb and neck pain: Australian experience

Verrills P, Salmon J, Russo M, Gliner B, Barnard A, Caraway D.

European Spine Journal. 2020; 29: 2786-2794.

Sustained Long-Term Outcomes With Closed-Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation: 12-Month Results of the Prospective, Multicenter, Open-Label Avalon Study

Russo M, Brooker C, Cousins MJ, Taylor N, Boesel T, Sullivan R,Holford L, Hanson E, Gmel GE, Shariati NH, Poree L, Parker J.

Neurosurgery. 2020; 87(4): E485–E495.

A Novel Composite Metric for Predicting Patient Satisfaction With Spinal Cord Stimulation

Russo M, Verrills P, Santarelli D, Gupta S, Martin J, Hershey B.

Neuromodulation. 2019; 23(5): 687-697.

Leptin and Associated Mediators of Immunometabolic Signaling: Novel Molecular Outcome Measures for Neurostimulation to Treat Chronic Pain

Kinfe TM, Buchfelder M, Chaudhry SR, Chakravarthy KV, Deer TR, Russo M, Georgius P, Hurlemann R, Rasheed M, Muhammad S, Yearwood TL.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(19): 4737.

Expansion and activation of distinct central memory T lymphocyte subsets in complex regional pain syndrome

Russo M, Fiore NT, van Vreden C, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, McGuire HM, Fazekas de St Groth B, Austin PJ.

Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2019; 16(1): 63.

A new hypothesis for the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome

Russo M, Georgius P, Santarelli DM.

Medical Hypotheses. 2018; 119: 41-53.

Cervical spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor

Russo M, Santarelli DM, Smith U.

BMJ Case Reports. 2018.

Meaningful relief with flurbiprofen 8.75 mg spray in patients with sore throat due to upper respiratory tract infection

de Looze F, Russo M, Bloch M, Montgomery B, Shephard A, DeVito R.

Pain Management. 2018; 8(2): 79-83.

Muscle Control and Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Russo M, Deckers K, Eldabe S, Kiesel K, Gilligan C, Vieceli J, Crosby P.

Neuromodulation. 2018; 21(1): 1-9 (Editor’s Choice).

Effective Relief of Pain and Associated Symptoms With Closed-Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation System: Preliminary Results of the Avalon Study

Russo M, Cousins MJ, Brooker C, Taylor N, Boesel T, Sullivan R, Poree L, Shariati NH, Hanson E, Parker J.

Neuromodulation. 2018; 21(1): 38-47.

New Therapy for Refractory Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain—Restorative Neurostimulation to Activate the Lumbar Multifidus: One Year Results of a Prospective Multicenter Clinical Trial

Deckers K, De Smedt K, Mitchell B, Vivian D, Russo M, Georgius P, Green M, Vieceli J, Eldabe S, Gulve A, van Buyten JP, Smet I, Mehta V, Ramaswamy S, Baranidharan G, Sullivan R, Gassin R, Rathmell J, Gilligan C.

Neuromodulation. 2018; 21(1): 48-55.

The physiological effects of slow breathing in the healthy human

Russo M, Santarelli DM, O’Rourke D.

Breathe. 2017; 13(4): 298-309.

Pain relief of sore throat with a new anti-inflammatory throat lozenge, ibuprofen 25 mg: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, international phase III study

Bouroubi A, Donazzolo Y, Donath F, Eccles R, Russo M, Harambillet N, Gautier S, Montagne A.

International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2017; 71(9): e12961.

The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC) Recommendations for Infection Prevention and Management

Deer TR, Provenzano DA, Hanes M, Pope JE, Thomson SJ, Russo MA, McJunkin T, Saulino M, Raso LJ, Lad SP, Narouze S, Falowski SM, Levy RM, Baranidharan G, Golovac S, Demesmin D, Witt WO, Simpson B, Krames E, Mekhail N.

Neuromodulation. 2017; 20(1): 31-50.

The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC): Recommendations on Bleeding and Coagulation Management in Neurostimulation Devices

Deer TR, Narouze S, Provenzano DA, Pope JE, Falowski SM, Russo MA, Benzon H, Slavin K, Pilitsis JG, Alo K10, Carlson JD, McRoberts P, Lad SP, Arle J, Levy RM, Simpson B, Mekhail N.

Neuromodulation. 2017; 20(1): 51-62.

The Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC): Recommendations for Trialling of Intrathecal Drug Delivery Infusion Therapy

Deer TR, Hayek SM, Pope JE, Lamer TJ, Hamza M, Grider JS, Rosen SM, Narouze S, Perruchoud C, Thomson S, Russo M, Grigsby E, Doleys DM, Jacobs MS, Saulino M, Christo P, Kim P, Huntoon EM, Krames E, Mekhail N.

Neuromodulation. 2017; 20(2): 133-154.

Effectiveness and tolerability of tapentadol sustained release in the Australian setting

Russo MA and Santarelli DM.

Journal of Opioid Management. 2016; 12(3):187-96.

High Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation at 10 kHz for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: 6-Month Australian Clinical Experience

Russo M, Verrills P, Mitchell B, Salmon J, Barnard A and Santarelli D.

Pain Physician. 2016; 19(4): 267-280.

Efficacy of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg spray in patients with sore throat due to an upper respiratory tract infection: A randomised controlled trial

de Looze F, Russo M, Bloch M, Montgomery B, Shephard A, Smith G and Aspley S.

The European Journal of General Practice. 2016; 30: 1-8.

Results from the Partnership for Advancement in Neuromodulation Registry: A 24-Month Follow-Up

Deer T, Skaribas I, McJunkin T, Nelson C, Salmon J, Darnule A, Braswell J, Russo M, Fernando Gomezese O.

Neuromodulation. 2016; 19(2): 179-187.

A Novel Compound Analgesic Cream (Ketamine, Pentoxifylline, Clonidine, DMSO) for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Patients

Russo MA and Santarelli DM.

Pain Practice. 2015; 16(1): E14-20.

Improved Pain Relief With Burst Spinal Cord Stimulation for Two Weeks in Patients Using Tonic Stimulation: Results From a Small Clinical Study

Courtney P, Espinet A, Mitchell B, Russo M, Muir A, Verrills P and Davis K.

Neuromodulation. 2015; 18(5): 361-366.

Thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation for Heart Failure as a Restorative Treatment (SCS HEART study): first-in-man experience

Tse HF, Turner S, Sanders P, Okuyama Y, Fujiu K, Cheung CW, Russo M, Green MD, Yiu KH, Chen P, Shuto C, Lau EO and Siu CW.

Heart Rhythm. 2015; 12(3): 588-595.

10-kHz High-Frequency SCS Therapy: A Clinical Summary

Russo M and Van Buyten JP.

Pain Medicine; 16(5): 934-942.

Lack of body positional effects on paresthesias when stimulating the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in the treatment of chronic pain

Kramer J, Liem L, Russo M, Smet I, Van Buyten JP and Huygen F.

Neuromodulation. 2015; 18(1): 50-57; discussion 57.

One-year outcomes of spinal cord stimulation of the dorsal root ganglion in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain

Liem L, Russo M, Huygen FJ, Van Buyten JP, Smet I, Verrills P, Cousins M, Brooker C, Levy R, Deer T and Kramer J.

Neuromodulation. 2015; 18(1): 41-48; discussion 48-49.

A fracture prevention service reduces further fractures two years after incident minimal trauma fracture

Van der Kallen J, Giles M, Cooper K, Gill K, Parker V, Tembo A, Major G, Ross L, Carter J.

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 2014; 17(2): 195-203.

The appropriate use of neurostimulation of the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system for the treatment of chronic pain and ischemic diseases: the Neuromodulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee

Deer TR, Mekhail N, Provenzano D, Pope J, Krames E, Leong M, Levy RM, Abejon D, Buchser E, Burton A, Buvanendran A, Candido K, Caraway D, Cousins M, DeJongste M, Diwan S, Eldabe S, Gatzinsky K, Foreman RD, Hayek S, Kim P, Kinfe T, Kloth D, Kumar K, Rizvi S, Lad SP, Liem L, Linderoth B, Mackey S, McDowell G, McRoberts P, Poree L, Prager J, Raso L, Rauck R, Russo M, Simpson B, Slavin K, Staats P, Stanton-Hicks M, Verrills P, Wellington J, Williams K and North R.

Neuromodulation. 2014; 17(6): 515-550; discussion 550.

International Neuromodulation Society Critical Assessment: Guideline Review of Implantable Neurostimulation Devices

Deer TR, Thomson S, Pope JE, Russo M, Luscombe F and Levy R.

Neuromodulation. 2014; 17(7): 678-685.

Interim Results From the Partnership for Advancement in Neuromodulation Pain Registry

Deer T, Skaribas I, Nelson C, Tracy J, Meloy S, Darnule A, Salmon J, Pahapill PA, McJunkin T, Sanapati M, Lininger TE, Russo M, Haider N, Kim CH, Tiso RL, Gomezese OF, Braswell J, Espinet A, Daudt D and Washburn SN.

Neuromodulation. 2014; 17(7): 656-664.